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Bài 1:
a: Ta có: \(\left(6x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(3-2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(8-2x\right)\)
\(=2\left(4-x\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(2-3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-2\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)+\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3+x-1-2x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)\)
\(=3\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Bài 2:
a: Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b+2a-b-a-3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-6xy+9y^2+4x-12y\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x-3y+4\right)\)
a: \(16x^3+0,25yz^3\)
\(=0,25\cdot x^3\cdot64+0,25\cdot yz^3\)
\(=0,25\left(64x^3+yz^3\right)\)
b: \(x^4-4x^3+4x^2\)
\(=x^2\cdot x^2-x^2\cdot4x+x^2\cdot4\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=x^2\left(x-2\right)^2\)
c: \(x^3+x^2y-xy^2-y^3\)
\(=x^2\left(x+y\right)-y^2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\cdot\left(x+y\right)^2\)
d: \(x^3+x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
e: \(x^4-x^2+2x-1\)
\(=x^4-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=x^4-\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x-1\right)\)
f: \(2x^2-18\)
\(=2\cdot x^2-2\cdot9\)
\(=2\left(x^2-9\right)=2\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
g: \(x^2+8x+7\)
\(=x^2+x+7x+7\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)+7\cdot\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+7\right)\)
h: \(x^4y^4+4\)
\(=x^4y^4+4x^2y^2+4-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2+2\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2y^2+2-2xy\right)\left(x^2y^2+2+2xy\right)\)
i: \(x^4+4y^4\)
\(=x^4+4x^2y^2+4y^4-4x^2y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+2y^2\right)^2-\left(2xy\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+2y^2\right)\left(x^2+2xy+2y^2\right)\)
k: \(x^2-2x-15\)
\(=x^2-5x+3x-15\)
\(=x\left(x-5\right)+3\left(x-5\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\left(2a+3\right)\left(2a+3\right)y+\left(2a+3\right)\)
\(=\left(2a+3\right)[y\left(2a+3\right)+1]\)
\(=\left(2a+3\right)\left(2ay+3y+1\right)\)
\(\left(a-b\right)x+\left(b-a\right)y-\left(a-b\right)\) (Sửa đề)
\(=\left(a-b\right)x-\left(a-b\right)y-\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(x-y-1\right)\)
Sửa ý đầu: \(\left(2a+3\right)x-\left(2a+3\right)y+2a+3\)
\(=\left(2a=3\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)
\(\left(a-b\right)c+\left(b-a\right)y-a+b\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)c-\left(a-b\right)y-\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(c-y-1\right)\)
\(81a^2+18a+1\)
\(=\left(9a+1\right)^2\)
\(a^3-1\)
\(=\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)\)
\(a^5-b^5\)
Áp dụng công thức: \(a^{2n+1}-b^{2n+1}=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^{2n}+a^{2n-1}.b+...+b^{2n-1}.a+b^{2n}\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a^4+a^3b+a^2b^2+ab^3+b^{\text{4}}\right)\)
`a, x^3 + 4x = x(x^2+4)`
`b, 6ab - 9ab^2 = 3ab(2-b)`
`c, 2a(x-1) + 3b(1-x)`
`= (2a-3b)(x-1)`
`d, (x-y)^2 - x(y-x)`
`= (x-y+x)(x-y)`
`= (2x-y)(x-y)`
\(a,\left(2a+3\right)x-\left(2a+3\right)y+\left(2a+3\right)\)
\(=\left(2a+3\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)
\(b,\left(4x-y\right)\left(a-1\right)-\left(y-4x\right)\left(b-1\right)+\left(4x-y\right)\left(1-c\right)\)
\(=\left(4x-y\right)\left(a-1\right)+\left(4x-y\right)\left(b-1\right)+\left(4x-y\right)\left(1-c\right)\)
\(=\left(4x-y\right)\left(a-1+b-1+1-c\right)\)
\(=\left(4x-y\right)\left(a+b-c-1\right)\)
\(c,x^k+1-x^k-1\)
\(=0?!?!\)
\(d,x^m+3-x^m+1\)
\(=4\)
\(e,3\left(x-y\right)^3-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(3\left(x-y\right)-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2\left(3x-3y-2\right)\)
\(f,81a^2+18a+1\)
\(=\left(9a\right)^2+2.9a+1\)
\(=\left(9a+1\right)^2\)
\(g,25a^2.b^2-16c^2\)
\(=\left(5ab\right)^2-\left(4c\right)^2\)
\(=\left(5ab+4c\right)\left(5ab-4c\right)\)
\(h,\left(a-b\right)^2-2\left(a-b\right)c+c^2\)
\(=\left(a-b-c\right)^2\)
\(i,\left(ax+by\right)^2-\left(ax-by\right)^2\)
\(=\left(ax+by-ax+by\right)\left(ax+by+ax-by\right)\)
\(=2by.2ax\)
\(=4axby\)